Inhibitory:- CD161-CLEC2D suppresses NK/CD8+ T cell cytotoxicity (glioma)- Co-expression with PD-1 enhances immune exhaustionActivating:- TLIA-DR3-CD161 axis boosts IFN-y production- IL-12/IL-18 induces TCR-independent IFN-y (innate-like response)- IL-23R co-expression drives Th17 polarization. Here, IL23R is linked to central nervous system cancer.