In 2023, it was found that gut microbiota metabolites, including tryptophan derivatives, could activate the host’s OATs and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), impacting UA secretion and excretion, thus creating a remote sensing and signaling mechanism between UA metabolism and intestinal flora, which is particularly important in chronic kidney disease (Nigam and Granados, 2023). The gene discussed is AHR; the disease is chronic kidney disease.