TGFB1 and chronic kidney disease: METTL3 serves as a dual-function mediator-pro-oncogenic in RCC via HIF-1α-PLOD2 while pro-fibrotic in diabetic nephropathy through TIMP2/Notch-while consistently amplifying TGF-β signaling across AKI/CKD/obstructive nephropathy (Liu et al., 2020; Wang et al., 2022; Jiang et al., 2022; Chen et al., 2024a).