Greater nutritional risk was associated with older age, lower body mass index, a higher prevalence of NYHA functional class III or IV, previous HF hospitalization, dementia, history of cancer, and impaired activities of daily living (ADL), a shorter AF duration, lower renal function, hemoglobin levels, and cholesterol levels, and higher C-reactive protein and natriuretic peptide levels (Table 1). Here, CRP is linked to atrial fibrillation.