TNF and necrotizing enterocolitis: In the terminal ileum, the NEC group was significantly higher than controls in IL-6 and IL-17A (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.0047) and the medium dose MSC group showed significant decrease from the NEC group in IL-6, IL-17A, and TNF-α (p < 0.0001, p = 0.0084, and p = 0.0064).