HLA-B and infection: In the Japan cohort (25), we observed an enrichment of HLA-B*15:01+ individuals reporting symptomatic infection (symptomatic frequency = 0.07, asymptomatic frequency = 0.05), with an odds ratio of 0.65, albeit this did not reach statistical significance (95% CI = 0.89 to 0.48, P = 0.17, Padj = 1) (Fig. 4B and SI Appendix, Table S6).