In the ICU cohort, which represented more advanced sepsis, levels of CHI3L1 (median 392 vs. 985 ng/mL, P < 0.01) and MMP8 (median 23 vs. 98 ng/mL, P = 0.05) were significantly higher in patients with SA-AKI compared to those with sepsis. This evidence concerns the gene CHI3L1 and acute kidney injury.