The existence of the 5 most abundant CAF-S1 clusters (ECM-myCAF, TGFβ-myCAF, Wound-myCAF, Detox-iCAF, IL-iCAF) was confirmed in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), revealing their pan-cancer conservation [67]. Here, TGFB1 is linked to cancer.