In this regard, the recruitment of myeloid lineage cells, which include monocytes, tumour associated macrophages (TAMs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), contribute to the generation of an immunosuppressive microenvironment through the production of cytokines including IL-10 and TGFβ, which function within the tumour niche to inhibit the anti-cancer activities of cytotoxic T cells [26–28]. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and cancer.