INS and polycystic ovary syndrome: Using hierarchical clustering analysis of PCOS quantitative traits, distinct, reproducible subtypes have been identified and designated as: i) reproductive, characterized by elevated LH and SHBG; ii) metabolic, defined by higher BMI, fasting insulin, and fasting glucose; and iii) background, representing cases without a clear phenotypic pattern (Dapas et al. 2020).