When these cases are accounted for, rates of EBV seropositivity among pediatric-onset MS converge toward those seen in adults, reinforcing the relevance of EBV infection in MS initiation.26 Notably, EBV infection is not linked to either AQP4+ NMO or MOGAD, further supporting its disease-specific association with MS.27 This evidence concerns the gene AQP4 and neuromyelitis optica.