This was inconsistent with Karges et al. [6], which is a population-based cohort study comparing patients with T1D who used pump therapy and patients who used insulin injection therapy conducted in Germany; the study highlighted that total daily insulin dose was lower and prandial to total insulin ratio was higher in pump therapy compared with injection therapy, significant for all age groups of the matched cohort P < 0.001 [6]. Here, INS is linked to type 1 diabetes mellitus.