Given that vascular calcification is a cornerstone in preventing arterial stiffness, promising data suggest that the inhibition of tissue nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) decreases cardiovascular calcification.404 Additionally, the latest research identified nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 3 (NR4A3) as a mediator of histone lactylation and epigenetic signaling that participates in the pathogenesis of medial arterial calcification. This evidence concerns the gene NR4A3 and calcification.