CRH and Werner syndrome: 2The etiology of WS is diverse, encompassing genetic, structural, metabolic and idiopathic causes. Despite the wide range of potential triggers, the precise mechanism responsible for the generation of spasms remains unclear. The most accepted theory suggests that spasms are caused by excessive release of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) in the brain, which has known excitatory and convulsive properties.3However, the relationship between different causal factors and the underlying pathophysiology of the syndrome is still not fully understood.1