Furthermore, the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), both markers of oxidative stress-induced lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis, were significantly elevated in shDDX3X cells (Fig. 2K, L, Fig. S3M, N), indicating that DDX3X ablation instigates ferroptotic cell death in lung cancer cells. This evidence concerns the gene DDX3X and lung carcinoma.