Prevent neuroinflammation: In a multiple sclerosis murine model, progesterone inhibited microgliosis and prevented release of proinflammatory cytokines (79). In a murine model of autoimmune encephalomyelitis, progesterone treatment reduced proinflammatory mediators CD-11b, TNF-α, and lowered activity of nitric oxide synthase, a precursor to oxidative stress (80). Progesterone downregulates inflammasome formation and TNF expression in microglia and induces BDNF release and autophagy in astrocytes (81). The gene discussed is ITGAM; the disease is multiple sclerosis.