Similarly, CCCP, a mitochondrial fission inducer, greatly increased stemness-related gene expression levels in BT549 shCon cells, while CCCP was unable to recover these gene levels, which were reduced by DDX3-KD, suggesting that DDX3 regulates mitochondrial fission to promote stemness in breast cancer cells (Fig. 7D). This evidence concerns the gene DDX3X and breast carcinoma.