In addition, IL-16 enhances the secretion of inflammatory cytokines such as IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-16, TNF-α, and IL-15 by monocytes and mature macrophages, which promotes the development of myocardial inflammation and thus plays an indirect role in promoting the development of myocardial fibrosis (142). This evidence concerns the gene IL16 and myocarditis.