In the progression of pulmonary hypertension, inhibition of TGFBR1 significantly attenuates the development of pulmonary hypertension and reduces pulmonary vascular remodeling, and its effects are associated with a reduction in early vascular cell apoptosis, pericyte proliferation, and matrix metalloproteinase expression [63]. Here, TGFBR1 is linked to pulmonary arterial hypertension.