Additionally, Masson’s trichrome staining demonstrated an increase in the area of myocardial fibrosis in the left ventricle of HFpEF group compared with the control group, with TGFBR1 gene silencing leading to a reduction in myocardial fibrosis in HFpEF mice (Fig 3E–F). Here, TGFBR1 is linked to Myocardial fibrosis.