CA9 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Type 2 blood vessels (lymphocyte-infiltration type) had the highest positivity rates for CD8 (8/9), FoxP3 (6/9), PDL1 (5/9), and PD1 (7/9), along with the presence of CAIX positivity, and it looks like “dead branch.” Type 3 blood vessel (VETC type) HCC exhibited the lowest CD8 infiltration (7/15), while PDL1(6/15) and CAIX levels were significantly higher than those in type 1 blood vessel HCC (Figure 4A).