EGR1 can modulate the expression of growth factors, such as IGF2 and TGF-β1, as well as that of NAB2, and is believed to act either as an oncogene or tumor suppressor depending on the cellular context (Saha et al., 2021; Wang et al., 2021; Bae et al., 1999; de Belle et al., 1999). Here, EGR1 is linked to neoplasm.