During the pathological process of DM, cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts release a variety of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1, IL-6, IL-12, IL-18, and TNF-α, which mediate the pathological damage induced by glycotoxicity and lipotoxicity by triggering mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, insulin resistance (IR), and β-cell apoptosis and other pathways. Here, TNF is linked to diabetes mellitus.