Studies have found that CCL2, IL-1α and IL-6 secreted by TAMs can promote the proliferation of colon cancer cells (72), and the release of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 1 accelerates the transition of the tumor cell cycle from the G0/G1 phase to the S phase and G2/M phase (73).CSF1 is an important cytokine involved in macrophage proliferation and differentiation, and CSF1 produced by colon cancer cells contributes to the recruitment and infiltration of TAMs. Here, CSF1 is linked to neoplasm.