Recently, microarray-based data comparing cancerous and para-cancerous specimens from subjects with CHB- and CHD-related HCC found seven differentially expressed genes (CDC6, CDC45, CDCA5, CDCA8, CENPH, MCM4 and MCM7) only in the CHD-driven HCC subgroup, and these genes were closely involved in mitotic cell cycle and DNA replication, suggesting these pathways were selectively mediated by HDV [100]. This evidence concerns the gene MCM4 and hepatocellular carcinoma.