INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Certain strains, such as Akkermansia muciniphila, are now under investigation for T2D therapy; a recent 12-week, randomized, double-blind trial in overweight/obese T2D patients showed that pasteurized A. muciniphila improved insulin sensitivity and modestly lowered fasting insulin levels, with efficacy depending on the baseline microbial abundance [67].