Similarly, upregulation of miR-192-5p was observed in serum exosomes of individuals with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), where it was essential for activation of pro-inflammatory macrophages and NAFLD progression through the regulation of the Rictor/Akt/FoxO1 signaling pathway [64]. Here, AKT1 is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.