RNF213 and Moyamoya disease: The RNF213 p.Arg4810Lys variant (c.14429G > A) is present in approximately 1.5% of healthy individuals in Japan and Korea, 0.5% in China, and 80% to 90% of familial moyamoya disease cases in Japan and Korea, as well as 20% to 30% of familial cases in China [12].