One of the few randomised controlled trials (RCTs) to investigate the benefits of a MedDiet intervention on PCOS features demonstrated that in women with overweight or obesity, a low-energy, moderate carbohydrate, Mediterranean-style diet was more effective than a calorie-restricted, low-fat diet in reducing body weight and waist circumference as well as cardiometabolic and hormonal parameters, including fasting blood glucose, insulin sensitivity, blood lipid levels, total testosterone, and luteinizing hormone concentrations [35]. Here, INS is linked to polycystic ovary syndrome.