Insulin resistance, characterized by the diminished ability of cells to respond to insulin, significantly increases the risk of developing chronic metabolic disorders, including type 2 diabetes mellitus and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which can progress to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)—a severe liver disease marked by inflammation, fibrosis, and increased risk of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma—contributing to substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. This evidence concerns the gene INS and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.