Nonetheless, in patients with IBD, the effect of anakinra is controversial as a trial of anti-IL-1 therapy in acute fulminant UC was stopped due to futility and case report data of a patient with FMF (as a rheumatic condition) and UC showed divergent effects of IL-1R1 blockade, highlighting the potential importance of considering the disease context regarding anakinra administration as well as the urgent need for further and larger trials with various IBD severities, phenotypes, and disease states [174,194,195]. Here, IL1R1 is linked to familial Mediterranean fever.