In the following subsections, the main pathways leading to VM in GBM, such as the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway, the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)/laminin 5γ2 (LAMC2) pathway, the vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin) pathway, and the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) pathway, are summarised. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is glioblastoma.