Compounds such as resveratrol, curcumin, quercetin, luteolin, and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) modulate key molecular pathways involved in AMD pathogenesis, including oxidative stress, apoptosis of retinal pigment epithelium cells, and angiogenesis driven by vascular endothelial growth factor. Here, VEGFA is linked to age-related macular degeneration.