These contradictory findings may indicate that Th17 cells contribute to HCC progression in a context-dependent manner, influenced by various factors including cytokine milieu (IL-17, IL-21, and IL-22), immune cell interactions (NK cells and CD8+ T cells), tumor cell signaling, microbiota, genetic, and epigenetic factors within the TME [42]. The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.