DDR1 and neoplasm: In immunocompetent C57BL/6J mice bearing KPC PDAC tumors, HXYL-3 monotherapy significantly reduced tumor burden, while the combination of HXYL-3 with gemcitabine (Gem) produced the most pronounced tumor suppression (Figure 9C–E), indicating that DDR1 blockade enhances the therapeutic effect of chemotherapy through immune-mediated mechanisms.