Important to note, however, that in previous studies on tumor-promoting effects of endotoxin-TLR4 signaling, endotoxin was utilized at concentrations known to cause septic shock [31,32,33] and surpass by an order of magnitudes the levels that could be reached at setting of “sterile” tumors or reported in ME [8,11,12,13,15]. Here, TLR4 is linked to neoplasm.