While AI-HOPE provided general pathway interrogation and subsequent agents focused on TGF-β, PI3K, and JAK-STAT signaling, AI-HOPE-RTK-RAS specifically targets the RTK-RAS axis—one of the most clinically actionable pathways in colorectal cancer—enabling direct exploration of alterations in KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, EGFR, and related noncanonical genes such as NF1 and MAPK3. Here, TGFB1 is linked to colorectal cancer.