Yağci et al. further showed that melatonin had a protective effect against sodium selenite-induced cataract formation in rats by significantly reducing oxidative stress markers (MDA, protein carbonyl, xanthine oxidase) and enhancing antioxidant enzyme levels (SOD, catalase), emphasizing its potential as an endogenous antioxidant and ability to prevent cataracts [35]. Here, CAT is linked to cataract.