LEP and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Consequently, the current study’s goal was to prospectively assess the association between baseline inflammatory (IL-1β, IL-1ra, IL-6, MCP-1, TNFα, and leptin) and oxidative stress (MDA and carbonyls) biomarkers with new-onset CKD after one year of follow-up in older adults with overweight or obesity and MetS.