TGFB1 and asthma: Conversely, pathways such as Extracellular Matrix Organization, Degradation of the Extracellular Matrix, Collagen Formation, TGF-β Signaling Pathway, Asthma, and Response to radiation were significantly downregulated, suggesting that the drug suppresses excessive ECM remodeling, fibrosis, and inflammation, protecting hippocampal structural integrity and reducing neuroinflammatory damage (Figure S4a–d).