Pro-apoptotic miRNAs include miR-103-3p, which targets hepatic leukaemia factor (Hlf) to heighten apoptosis and suppress autophagy [209]; the miR-34 family, whose member miR-34a represses Bcl-2, SIRT1, Notch1 and PNUTS, thereby driving age-, infarction- and diabetes-related myocyte attrition [210]; and the miR-15 family (miR-15a/b, miR-16, miR-195, miR-497), upregulated after ischaemia and shown to silence Bcl-2, Cyclin D2, SIRT3 and c-Myb, with pharmacological antimiR therapy limiting infarct size [211]. The gene discussed is BCL2; the disease is diabetes mellitus.