PTGS2 and infection: Figure 1(B3) presents comparative IL-1β expression data, revealing no statistically meaningful variation between SA113-stimulated and CAY10404-pretreated bovine neutrophils at lower infection ratios (3:1) (p > 0.05). Elevated pathogen exposure (10:1 ratio) triggered substantial IL-1β overexpression in SA113-challenged specimens versus that in untreated controls (p < 0.001), whereas COX-2 inhibition dramatically attenuated this response (p < 0.001).