The variables included in the model were residential area (>30 km vs. <30 km), presence of DMII, CVD, or COPD, NSCLC subtype (adenocarcinoma vs. other), psychiatric history, gender, age, and a series of actionable molecular mutations (EGFR, KRAS [G12C and G12X], BRAF, ROS1, and ALK), as well as PDL1 expression status. This evidence concerns the gene KRAS and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.