CXCL9 and neoplasm: Given that the chemokine is involved in the recruitment of cytotoxic lymphocytes into tumors through binding to the common receptor CXCR3 [53], thereby suppressing tumor growth, our finding that DB specifically enhanced the expression of CXCL9 underscores the importance of the CXCL9-CXCR3 axis in mediating the anti-tumor effect of DB.