HGF and neoplasm: We wanted to understand the relationship between tumor ischemia, vascular remodeling, and possible resistance mechanisms after idarubicin-loaded DEM-TACE by examining circulation levels of angiopoietin-2, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), endothelin-1, fibroblast growth factors 1 and 2 (FGF-1 and FGF-2), and VEGFs.