STAT3 and neoplasm: These activations initiate downstream signaling cascades that encompass Ras and RhoGTPase, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), thereby facilitating tumor cell survival and proliferation [22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,41,42,43].