However, no significant effects were observed on insulin levels (WMD: 0.54 μU/mL, 95% CI: -1.03 to 2.12, p = 0.498), insulin resistance as assessed by HOMA-IR (WMD: -0.31, 95% CI: -1.37 to 0.75, p = 0.566), body mass index (BMI) (WMD: -0.24 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, 95% CI: -0.62 to 0.14, p = 0.220), or body weight (WMD: -0.83 kg, 95% CI: -2.55 to 0.87, p = 0.338). Here, INS is linked to Insulin resistance.