Gene Ontology (GO) analysis revealed that the key genes of GDM, IDA, and selected miRNA are involved in the positive regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity, inflammatory response, organ and bone maturation, post-embryonic development, insulin receptors, and signaling pathways, which are the key factors associated with GDM and IDA in pregnant women. The gene discussed is INSR; the disease is gestational diabetes.