The osteoarthritis pathway appears to be driven through increased expression of select osteogenic transcription factors including osx, cepb-β, and dlx5 in conjunction with dysregulation of several upstream cell signaling modulators associated with osteogenesis including mantn, grem1, bmp, FGF, Apelin, and wnt (Supplemental Figure S2). This evidence concerns the gene APLN and osteoarthritis.