Accumulating evidence suggests that upregulation of MALAT1 affects various molecular pathways, thus playing an essential role in a wide range of other diseases, including renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system, which is involved in blood pressure regulation and cardiovascular diseases [57], insulin signaling, type 2 diabetes [51], liver [58] and kidney disease [59]. This evidence concerns the gene REN and type 2 diabetes mellitus.