In AD, fucoxanthin was found to reduce the formation of Aβ fibrils and oligomers in vivo and improve cognitive function in Aβ oligomer-injected mice by enhancing brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression and increasing choline acetyltransferase (ChAT)-positive regions in the hippocampus [151]. This evidence concerns the gene BDNF and Alzheimer disease.